Device package installed
type: NamedIndividual
type: Device Package State
comment: State of a Device package whose resources have been made ready for their final purpose, after the download and install processes are completed.

Device Management State
type: Class
comment: This is a class of states for Device Management.
subclass of: State

Server
type: Class
comment: A DM Server is the software entity which is responsible for performing DM operations on a fleet of Devices. It exposes the set of available operations to an entity that needs to trigger an operation, such as a manufacturer or a Customer Care service. The DM Server is a endpoint, generally secured, with which DM Clients communicate. The protocol used between Server and Client is not in the scope of this ontology. It can follow a DM standard such as CWMP or LwM2M, or be completely proprietary.
subclass of: System

Device package initialized
type: Device Package State
type: NamedIndividual
comment: State of a Device Package that represents that the process of creating the required package on the device. This state is attained through the execution of the Package Creation Command. This may be a transitory state, that changes to the Device Package Downloading state automatically.

represents device
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A relationship between a Client and the Device whose DM functions the Client exposes to DM servers.
domain: Client
range: Manageable Device

Client
type: Class
comment: Software entity which represents a Device by exposing its DM Functions to one or more DM Server(s). It is responsible for the triggering of the DM Functions when a Command targeting the represented Device is received by the Server. The Client is also responsible for the reporting of the results of the Function execution to the Server. The Client has an identifier that is unique only relatively to each Server it is connected to.
subclass of: System

supported datamodel parameter primitives
type: NamedIndividual
type: Property
comment: Property of a supported datamodel parameter listing the different available primitives for the manipulation of the corresponding Datamodel parameter instance(s). These primitives will for instance include the basic "Create", "Read", "Update", "Delete" operations and their corresponding names in the different Device Management protocols.
narrower: Supported datamodel parameter property

Device identity function
type: NamedIndividual
type: Device Management Function Category
comment: Function kind that represents the capabilities of a device to expose its own identity.
has command: Device info retrieval command

connected to server
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relationship between a Client and a Server when the Client is connected and authenticated to a Server, enabling the exposition of its DM Functions. This relationship could be inferred when a Management Service connects both the Client and the Server. Inverse of saref4dmgt:hasConnectedClient.
domain: Client
range: Server
sub property of: connectedTo
inverse of: has connected client

Datamodel parameter function
type: NamedIndividual
type: Device Management Function Category
comment: Function kind for the manipulation of datamodel parameters.
has command: Datamodel parameter creation command
has command: Datamodel parameter deletion command
has command: Datamodel parameter retrieval command
has command: Datamodel parameter operate command
has command: Datamodel parameter update command

Device package validated
type: Device Package State
type: NamedIndividual
comment: State of a Device Package that represents that the required package files are available on the device, and actually correspond to the expected files, without corruption. The transition from the Device Package Downloaded state is automatic, and depends on the client and package implementations.

Package name
type: Property
type: NamedIndividual
comment: The name of a Device Package.
narrower: Package property

Device control function
type: Device Management Function Category
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Function kind to control the global state of the device, e.g. its power state through the Reboot function, or the global configuration through the Reset function.
has command: Reset command
has command: Reboot command

Datamodel Parameter Command Category
type: Class
comment: Category of commands enabling the manipulation of one or more Datamodel Parameters.
subclass of: Device Management Command Category

Device Identity Command Category
type: Class
comment: Category of commands enabling the manipulation of device identification properties.
subclass of: Device Management Command Category

Device package downloaded
type: Device Package State
type: NamedIndividual
comment: State of a Device Package whose set of required files are available of on the device, either through a download process from a Client, or an upload process from a Server. This is a transitory state, that changes to the either the Device Package Validated state, or returns to the Device Package Initialized state in case of error.

Datamodel parameter operate command
type: NamedIndividual
type: Datamodel Parameter Command Category
comment: Command to trigger the execution of a datamodel parameter instance that corresponds to an executable process on a device.
controls: Datamodel parameter instance property

Device package installing
type: Device Package State
type: NamedIndividual
comment: State of a Device Package that represents that the process of readying the required package files is in progress. This state is attained through the execution of the Package Install Command, from the Device Package Validated state. This is a transitory state, that changes to the Device Package Installed state, or returns to the Device Package Validated state in case of error.

Manageable Device
type: Class
comment: A tangible object that has at least one Device Management Function. This class extends the saref:Device class, it is a Feature of Interest by definition.
subclass of: Device

Device Module State
type: Class
comment: State of a DeviceModule
subclass of: Device Management State
disjoint with: Device Package State

Package install command
type: NamedIndividual
type: Package Management Command Category
comment: Command to trigger the installation of Device Package on a device.
controls: Package property

Package update command
type: NamedIndividual
type: Package Management Command Category
comment: Command to trigger the update of a Device Package on a device. This corresponds to the action of replacing, on a device, a Device Package by another Device Package with the same name, but a different version.
controls: Package property

Datamodel parameter instance property
type: NamedIndividual
type: Property
comment: Property kind that represents the properties of a Datamodel Parameter Instance. These parameter instances represent the actionable capabilities of the Device in a format specific to the datamodel implemented by the Device, and exposed by the Client. It should not be confused with the Supported Datamodel Parameter, which represents the abstract capabilities of the Device.
broader: Datamodel parameter instance value
broader: Datamodel parameter instance name

is represented by
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A relationship between a Manageable Device and one of the Clients that expose its DM functions to DM servers.
domain: Manageable Device
range: Client
inverse of: represents device

Device Control Command Category
type: Class
comment: Category of commands enabling the manipulation of the device state, for instance the power state with a Reboot or Shutdown command.
subclass of: Device Management Command Category

Module activation command
type: Module Management Command Category
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Command to trigger the activation of a Device Module.

Device Module
type: Class
comment: A DeviceModule is an executable software entity on the Device, i.e. a DeviceModule may be activated and deactivated on demand through dedicated Functions. As such, the DeviceModule implements specific Functions that are available to the Device when the DeviceModule is activated. A DeviceModule may be supported by a DevicePackage: deleting the corresponding DevicePackage will in turn remove the DeviceModule and its related Functions.
subclass of: FeatureOfInterest

Supported datamodel retrieval command
type: Supported Datamodel Command Category
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Command to retrieve a supported datamodel parameter, which corresponds to the information required to access a datamodel parameter instance and interpret its value.
observes: Supported datamodel parameter property

Device identity property
type: NamedIndividual
type: Property
comment: Set of properties that constitutes a Device Identity.
broader: Manufacturer
broader: Hardware version
broader: Serial number
broader: Model name
broader: Model number

Package discovery command
type: NamedIndividual
type: Package Management Command Category
comment: Command to retrieve the list of available Device Packages on a device.
observes: Package property

Supported datamodel parameter name
type: Property
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Name of a supported datamodel parameter.
narrower: Supported datamodel parameter property

enables device module
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A relationship between a DevicePackage and a DeviceModule that represents the fact that the DeviceModule only exists thanks to the DevicePackage. If the DevicePackage is uninstalled, the DeviceModule does not exist anymore.
inverse of: has device package

Management Connection
type: Class
comment: Abstract representation of the connection between a Client and a Server. It does not necessarily imply that a persistent connection is established between the entities - such as a TCP connection. It represents the link and the capability of the Server to interact with the Client. For instance, the Client has been authenticated by the Server with a certificate, and/or the client has received a configuration for access rights to its functions for the Server.
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Connection
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: connectsSystem
    some values from: Client
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: connectsSystem
    some values from: Server

Firmware update command
type: Firmware Management Command Category
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Command to trigger the update of the firmware of a device.
controls: Firmware property

Manufacturer
type: Property
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Device identity property representing the manufacturer of the device.
narrower: Device identity property

Firmware version
type: NamedIndividual
type: Property
comment: The firmware version of a device.
narrower: Firmware property

Module version
type: NamedIndividual
type: Property
comment: The version of a Device Module.
narrower: Module property

Reset command
type: Device Control Command Category
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Command to change the entire state of a device and its resources to another state as predefined according to the device manufacturer policy.

Management Service
type: Class
comment: A saref:Service that represents functions or functions of interest of the Device Management Function Category. The ManagementService exposes these functions through a Connection, between a Client and a Server.
subclass of: Service

Datamodel parameter creation command
type: Datamodel Parameter Command Category
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Command to create a datamodel parameter instance.
controls: Datamodel parameter instance property

has connection
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A relationship between a Management Service and a Management Connection, indicating that the Management Service exists solely because of the Management Connection. If the Management Connection ceases to exist, the Management Service will also cease to exist..
domain: Management Service
range: Management Connection

Device package downloading
type: Device Package State
type: NamedIndividual
comment: State of a Device Package that represents that the process of transferring the required package files is in progress. This state is attained through the Device Package Initialized state either automatically, or through the execution of a Package Download Command. This is a transitory state, that changes to either the Device Package Downloaded or returns to the Device Package Initialized state in case of error.

Firmware property
type: Property
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Property kind that represents the properties of the firmware of a device. The device firmware is the running base software for a device, which is automatically loaded into memory and executed at boot.
broader: Firmware version

Package download command
type: NamedIndividual
type: Package Management Command Category
comment: Command to trigger the download of a Device Package in the Device Package Initialized state.
controls: Package property

Device Management Function Category
type: Class
comment: Category of Functions related to the Device Management domain. These Functions correspond to the capabilities of the Device to perform its own diagnostics, maintenance, configuration, monitoring and control.
subclass of: Function

Device module deactivated
type: NamedIndividual
type: Device Module State
comment: State of a Device Module whose related functions were made unavailable through a Module Deactivation Command.

Package version
type: Property
type: NamedIndividual
comment: The version of a device package.
narrower: Package property

Package uninstall command
type: Package Management Command Category
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Command to trigger the uninstallation of a Device Package on a device.
controls: Package property

Module management function
type: Device Management Function Category
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Function kind for the management of Device Modules.
has command: Module activation command
has command: Module discovery command
has command: Module deactivation command
has command: Module information retrieval command

Model name
type: Property
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Device identity property that represents the device model, i.e. the denomination for a specific hardware design for this device, in a human-readable format.
narrower: Device identity property

Module deactivation command
type: Module Management Command Category
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Command to trigger the deactivation of a Device Module.

enables management service
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A relationship between a Management Service and Management Connection that represents the fact that a Management Service only exists thanks to the Management Connection. If the Management Connection is closed, the Management Service does not exist anymore.
domain: Management Connection
range: Management Service
inverse of: has connection

Package property
type: Property
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Property kind that represents the properties of a DevicePackage
broader: Package name
broader: Package version

Package information retrieval command
type: NamedIndividual
type: Package Management Command Category
comment: Command to retrieve device package information such as the name of the package or its version.
observes: Package property

Device Management Command Category
type: Class
comment: Category of Commands that are specific to the Device Management domain.
subclass of: Command

Serial number
type: Property
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Device identity property referring to the unique identifier assigned to an individual device, used for tracking, warranty, and support purposes, distinguishing it from all other units produced.
narrower: Device identity property

has connected client
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relationship between a Server and a Client when the Client is connected and authenticated to the Server, enabling the exposition of its DM Functions. This relationship could be inferred when a Management Service connects both the Client and the Server. Inverse of saref4dmgt:connectedToServer.
domain: Server
range: Client
sub property of: connectedTo

Device Package
type: Class
comment: A DevicePackage is an archive file that may contain resource files, code, libraries or executable files. It is a resource that the Device should retrieve or receive from an external source. A DevicePackage is only actionable once it has been downloaded and installed. It may allow a Device to support additional Functions by instantiating a DeviceModule. A DevicePackage may be uninstalled and then removed from the Device.
subclass of: FeatureOfInterest

Module name
type: Property
type: NamedIndividual
comment: The name of a device module.
narrower: Module property

Datamodel parameter retrieval command
type: NamedIndividual
type: Datamodel Parameter Command Category
comment: Command to retrieve the value of a Datamodel parameter instance.
observes: Datamodel parameter instance property

Device Package State
type: Class
comment: State of a DevicePackage
subclass of: Device Management State

Datamodel parameter instance name
type: Property
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Name for an instance of a datamodel parameter.
narrower: Datamodel parameter instance property

SAREF4DMGT : SAREF extension for the Device Management domain
type: Ontology
abstract: The Device Management (DM) domain consists in the remote administration of devices for an operator, such as a service provider or device manufacturer. The proposal for an ontology for standardization in Device Management is motivated by the need to address challenges arising from the evolution of DM and the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT). Initially, DM was introduced by manufacturers and telecommunication operators to ensure the proper functioning of devices like gateways and set-top boxes, focusing on firmware management due to the high replacement costs of these devices. Over time, the scope of DM expanded to include configuration and customer care, enabling Telcos to configure value-added services, improve Quality of Service (QoS), and reduce costs. With the rise of IoT, the DM landscape has shifted significantly. The proliferation of heterogeneous IoT devices and the temptation to produce disposable devices have highlighted the need for remote management for economic and ecological reasons. However, existing DM solutions face challenges due to the scale and diversity of IoT devices, as well as the prevalence of proprietary protocols and siloed solutions from various manufacturers. This has created issues with heterogeneity in device capabilities, DM protocols, and management solutions. Standardization becomes essential to facilitate common, interoperable protocols for DM, simplifying device integration and benefiting both operators and manufacturers. The proposed IoT Device Management Ontology provides an abstract semantic model of DM domain-specific concepts, enabling cross-system data interoperability and knowledge enrichment through reasoning. This ontology aims to unify and streamline IoT DM practices, overcoming the limitations of existing approaches.
creator: Samuel Berlemont
creator: Marc Douet
creator: Cyrille Bareau
creator: François Aïssaoui
description: The ontology aims to define concepts within the Device Management domain, facilitating the remote administration of devices and ensuring their proper functioning. It addresses challenges related to the heterogeneity of management protocols by representing execution paths for commands and modeling the information exchanged between devices and the management system. This ontology is developed as a SAREF extension.
license: etsi-software-license
publisher: www.etsi.org
preferred namespace prefix: s4dmgt
imports: v4.1.1
imports: v1.1.2
version IRI: v1.1.1
version info: v1.1.1

has device package
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A relationship between a DeviceModule and a DevicePackage that represents the fact that the DeviceModule only exists thanks to the DevicePackage. If the DevicePackage is uninstalled, the DeviceModule does not exist anymore.

Firmware information retrieval command
type: Firmware Management Command Category
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Command to retrieve firmware information such as the current firmware version for a device.
different from: Firmware update command
observes: Firmware property

Datamodel parameter instance value
type: NamedIndividual
type: Property
comment: Value of a datamodel parameter instance, obtained as the result of the execution of a Datamodel parameter retrieval command.
narrower: Datamodel parameter instance property

Module Management Command Category
type: Class
comment: Category of commands enabling the manipulation of device modules.
subclass of: Device Management Command Category

Package creation command
type: NamedIndividual
type: Package Management Command Category
comment: Command to trigger the creation of a Device Package on a device.
controls: Package property

Module discovery command
type: Module Management Command Category
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Command to retrieve the list of Device Modules available on a device.
observes: Module property

Package Management Command Category
type: Class
comment: Category of commands enabling the manipulation of device packages.
subclass of: Device Management Command Category

Device info retrieval command
type: NamedIndividual
type: Device Identity Command Category
comment: A command to retrieve any Device identity property.
observes: Device identity property

Module property
type: Property
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Property kind that represents the properties of a Device Module.
broader: Module name
broader: Module version

Reboot command
type: NamedIndividual
type: Device Control Command Category
comment: Command to trigger the reboot process of a device.

Hardware version
type: NamedIndividual
type: Property
comment: Device identity property referring to the specific version of the set of physical components of a device, known as hardware version.
narrower: Device identity property

Datamodel parameter update command
type: Datamodel Parameter Command Category
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Command to update the value of a Datamodel parameter instance.
controls: Datamodel parameter instance property

Supported datamodel function
type: Device Management Function Category
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Function kind to manage the supported datamodel of a device.
has command: Supported datamodel retrieval command

Device module activated
type: Device Module State
type: NamedIndividual
comment: State of a Device Module whose related functions were made available on a device, either automatically after the Device Module installation, or through a Module activation command.

Firmware management function
type: Device Management Function Category
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Set of functions related to the management of the firmware for a device.
has command: Firmware update command
has command: Firmware information retrieval command

Model number
type: Property
type: NamedIndividual
comment: The unique identifier assigned to a device model, used to distinguish it from other models and versions within a manufacturer's product lineup.
narrower: Device identity property

Module information retrieval command
type: NamedIndividual
type: Module Management Command Category
comment: Command to retrieve device module information such as the name of the module or its version.
observes: Module property

Supported Datamodel Command Category
type: Class
comment: Category of commands enabling the manipulation of supported datamodels.
subclass of: Device Management Command Category

Supported datamodel parameter property
type: Property
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Property kind that represents the properties of a Supported Datamodel Parameter. These parameters represent the capabilities of the Device in a format specific to the datamodel implemented by the Device, and exposed by the Client. It should not be confused with the Datamodel Parameter Instance, which represents the actionable capabilities of the Device.
broader: Supported datamodel parameter type
broader: supported datamodel parameter primitives
broader: Supported datamodel parameter name

Firmware Management Command Category
type: Class
comment: Category of commands enabling the manipulation of device firmwares.
subclass of: Device Management Command Category

Datamodel parameter deletion command
type: NamedIndividual
type: Datamodel Parameter Command Category
comment: Command to delete a datamodel parameter instance.
controls: Datamodel parameter instance property

Package deletion command
type: NamedIndividual
type: Package Management Command Category
comment: Command to trigger the deletion of a Device Package on a device.
controls: Package property

Device package uninstalling
type: NamedIndividual
type: Device Package State
comment: State of a Device Package that represents that the process of removing the associated package files is in progress. This is a transitory state, that either changes to the Device Package Initialized or Device Package Validated states depending on implementation.

Package management function
type: NamedIndividual
type: Device Management Function Category
comment: Function kind related to the management of Device Packages on a device.
has command: Package deletion command
has command: Package uninstall command
has command: Package install command
has command: Package creation command
has command: Package update command
has command: Package discovery command
has command: Package information retrieval command
has command: Package download command

Supported datamodel parameter type
type: Property
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Type of a supported datamodel parameter. For instance, this type can represent that the supported datamodel parameter is a reference to an executable resource. The corresponding type would be 'command' in the CWMP standard protocol, and its TR-181 technical report. This type can represent a reference to a measurement process on the device that retrieves a value. In that case, the supported datamodel parameter also describes the unit of that value. The type 'object' corresponds to a supported datamodel parameter that contains other supported datamodel parameters, creating a hierarchical structure. A final example would be a 'table', i.e. the corresponding datamodel parameter is a list of instances of the same object. For more information, please refer to the specification documents of DM protocol standards such as TR-181 from the BroadBand Forum.
narrower: Supported datamodel parameter property