Recommended
type: Property
comment: The recommended property values for some entity. Typically, a property will be defined both narrower than this and another property.
type: NamedIndividual

Daily activity
comment: The patient/user activities that occur during daytime.
subclass of: Activity
type: Class

Available Power Level
type: Property
comment: Power level still available for the feature of interest to function.

BatteryPowered
comment: Kind of feature of interest powered by batteries.
type: FeatureKind

Responsible party
type: Class
comment: The legal entity responsible for a BAN, i.e. to contact in case of problem.
subclass of: Health actor

has hub
range: BAN hub
domain: BAN
sub property of: connectsSystem
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A Body Area Network or BAN elects one hub that mainly plays the role of both a data concentrator and a network gateway.

Overeating
is value of state: Habit
type: StateValue
comment: Overeating habit (User level).

Wrist location
type: StateValue
comment: Wrist, a user body surface location.
is value of state: Body surface location

SAREF4EHAW: an extension of SAREF for eHealth Ageing Well domain
publisher: www.etsi.org
contributor: lina-nachabe-2b292457
imports: v4.1.1
type: Ontology
version IRI: v2.1.1
imports: v1.1.2
issued: 2025-04-25
license: etsi-software-license
source: saref4ehaw
imports: v2.1.1
version info: v2.1.1
contributor: www.maxime-lefrancois.info
preferred namespace prefix: s4ehaw
prior version: v1.1.1
modified: 2025-04-25
creator: ~girodgen
description: The objective of SAREF4EHAW is to extend SAREF ontology for the eHealth/Ageing-well (EHAW) vertical. Clause 4.1 of the present document shortly introduces a high level view of the envisioned SAREF4EHAW semantic model and modular ontology, with the retained concepts (i.e. classes) and their relations. SAREF4EHAW extension has been specified and formalised by investigating EHAW domain related resources, as reported in ETSI TR 103 509, such as: potential stakeholders, standardization initiatives, alliances/associations, European projects, EC directives, existing ontologies, and data repositories. Therefore, SAREF4EHAW modular ontology shall both: - Allow the implementation of a limited set of typical EHAW related use cases already identified in ETSI TR 103 509, i.e. - Use case 1 “elderly at home monitoring and support”, - Use case 2 “monitoring and support of healthy lifestyles for citizens”, - Use case 3 “Early Warning System (EWS) and Cardiovascular Accidents detection”. - Fulfil the eHealth Ageing Well related requirements provided in ETSI TR 103 509, mainly the ontological ones that were mostly taken as input for the ontology specification. SAREF4EHAW mainly reuses the following existing ontologies: SAREF, ETSI SmartBAN reference model, SAREF 4 Environment extension and W3C SSN System module. The following figure presents the high level view of SAREF4EHAW ontology. ![SAREF4SYST overview](diagrams/SAREF4EHAW_Model.jpg) For semantic interoperability handling purposes, an ontology based solution, combined with sensing-as-a-service and WoT strategies, is retained for SAREF4EHAW. Therefore, an upper level ontology, at service level, shall also behas been fully modelled (Service class and sub-classes depicted in the previous figure). For embedded semantic analytics purposes, SAREF4EHAW shall behas been designed using the modularity principle (see ETSI TR 103 509) and can thus be mainly described by the following self-contained knowledge sub-ontologies (or modules): Healt…
contributor: joão-luiz-moreira
contributor: dragoni

Gateway
comment: Kind of devices that serve the role of a gateway.
type: DeviceKind

date of birth
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Health actor
range: dateTime
comment: The date of birth of a health actor.

Armpit location
type: StateValue
is value of state: Body surface location
comment: Armpit location, a user body surface location.

Exercising
is value of state: Posture
comment: Posture of user doing exercises.
type: StateValue

has precondition
domain: Class
  union of: Command
  union of: CommandOfInterest
  union of: Operation
  union of: ProcedureExecution
comment: Links a command or operation to the conditions that are imposed over its inputs to be successufully invoked.
type: ObjectProperty

phone
range: string
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The phone number of a health actor, in international format.
domain: Health actor

has computing power
consists of: Maximum ram
type: Property
consists of: Duty cycle
consists of: Frequency
consists of: Maximum flash
comment: The computing power capabilities of a device.

Communication Interface
subclass of: ConnectionPoint
type: Class
subclass of: FeatureOfInterest
comment: A communication interface of a device to a communication network.
subclass of: Restriction
  some values from: Device
  on property: connectionPointOf

BAN
comment: Body Area Network.
type: Class
subclass of: Connection
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: connectsSystem
  some values from: Health Device

is exposed on
range: Class
  intersection of: Class
    union of: FeatureKind
    union of: FeatureOfInterest
  intersection of: Class
    union of: Connection
    union of: ConnectionPoint
domain: Service
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Links a service to a Connection/FeatureKind (such as ex:Bluetooth), to a Connection/FeatureOfInterest (such as <this_network> ), to a ConnectionPoint/FeatureKind (such as ex:TCPPort), to a ConnectionPoint/FeatureOfInterest (such as <tcp_port_4255>).

Functional device
subclass of: Device
comment: Functional Devices are non-purely eHealth/ageing-well devices that can be used for modelling/detecting activities or behaviours of patients/users, like for example beacons that can detect indoor positioning of a patient in a house.
type: Class

Skeletal impairment
is value of state: Impairment
comment: Skeletal impairment (User level), e.g. of head and trunk regions, limbs...
type: StateValue

Alarm Trigger
type: Command
comment: Command used for triggering an alarm.

has MAC address
sub property of: hasIdentifier
comment: The MAC address of an interface.
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Communication Interface

Habit
is value of state: Age category
type: State
comment: Defined for users (that can in particular be patients) habits modelling, e.g. smoking, alcohol drinking, overeating, undereating...

Diabetes
type: StateValue
is value of state: Chronic disease
comment: Diabetes, a chronical disease that some users can have.

Width
type: Property
comment: The width dimension of a feature of interest.

Health wereable
subclass of: WearableDevice
subclass of: Health Device
comment: Health-related Wearable, sub-class of SAREF4WEAR Wearable.
type: Class

Aural impairment
is value of state: Impairment
comment: Aural impairment (User level), i.e. impairments of auditory sensitivity.
type: StateValue

uses ban
range: BAN
comment: A health actor (e.g. a caregiver, a patient or a helper) uses a BAN for collecting, aggregating and relaying vital parameters.
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Health actor

BAN application tasks
type: Class
subclass of: Task
comment: BAN application tasks, suchas healthcare, telemedicine, assisted living, sport training, safety and emergency...

Alarm
has mandatory command: Alarm Trigger
has mandatory command: Alarm Reset
comment: Function for issuing and managing alarms.
has optional command: Alarm Get
has optional command: Alarm Reset Log
type: Function

has responsible party
range: Responsible party
comment: A BAN that has a responsible party which plays the role of the legal entity responsible for this BAN (e.g. to contact in case of problem). It should be an organization or a person.
type: ObjectProperty
domain: BAN

Communication Network
subclass of: Connection
subclass of: FeatureOfInterest
comment: A communication network.
type: Class

Young
is value of state: Age category
type: StateValue
comment: Young, one user age category.

On request Communication Function
broader: Communication Function
comment: Function to communicate on request to report observations and receive actuations.
type: Function

Alarm Reset Log
type: Command
comment: Command used for resetting the alarm log.

Sending Frequency
comment: The sending frequency of a device with a periodic communication function.
type: Property

Communication Function
type: Function
comment: A device may have a communication function.

Weight
type: Property
comment: The weight of a feature of interest.

Rechargeable
type: FeatureKind
comment: Kind of feature of interest whose power source is rechargeable.

follows user
range: User
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A helper may follow one or multiple users that can in particular be patients.
domain: Helper

User
subclass of: Health actor
type: Class
comment: A health actor (patient included) that can be equiped with BANs or health devices for monitoring, control, care (specific case of patients) or support purposes.

has gateway
sub property of: connectsSystem
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Links a communication network to its gateway, the communication interface of a device.
range: Communication Interface
domain: Communication Network

Undereating
type: StateValue
comment: Undereating habit (User level).
is value of state: Habit

Running
comment: Posture of a running user.
type: StateValue
is value of state: Posture

has effect
comment: Links a command or operation to the effect of invoking it. Can be an alert, nothing, an activation of another process...
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Class
  union of: Command
  union of: CommandOfInterest
  union of: Operation
  union of: ProcedureExecution

Maximum recommended
type: Property
broader: Recommended
comment: The maximum recommended property value for some entity
type: NamedIndividual

Minimum recommended
comment: The minimum recommended property value for some entity
broader: Recommended
type: Property
type: NamedIndividual

available ram
type: Property
comment: The available volatile memory space (in byte) of a device. It is a dynamic attribute.

Implant location
comment: Implant Device (i.e. in body health device) position.
type: State
broader: Location Relative to Body

Telemedicine
comment: Telemedicine task for BAN application.
type: NamedIndividual
type: BAN application tasks

Event driven Communication Function
broader: Communication Function
comment: Function to communicate upon an event to report observations and receive actuations.
type: Function

Lying
type: StateValue
is value of state: Posture
comment: Posture of a lying user.

Location Relative to Body
broader: Location
type: State
comment: The location relative to the body (on - body surface – or in the body – implant –).

Emergency
comment: Emergency task for BAN application.
type: NamedIndividual
type: BAN application tasks

Not Rechargeable
comment: Kind of feature of interest whose power source is not rechargeable.
type: FeatureKind

Intellectual impairment
type: StateValue
is value of state: Impairment
comment: Skeletal impairment (User level), e.g. ...

Body surface location
comment: The location in terms of a body surface position (i.e. on body health device).
type: State
broader: Location Relative to Body

Precision
type: Property
comment: Precision refers to the degree of reproducibility of a measured quantity (when the same quantity is measured several times how close are the measurements from each other).
type: NamedIndividual

IEEE 802.15.6
type: Communication protocol
comment: IEEE 802.15.6, a communication protocol.

Female
type: StateValue
comment: female gender
is value of state: has gender

Activity
comment: The activity of a patient/user, i.e. daily and nocturnal activities.
type: Class

Reminder Send
type: Command
comment: Command used for sending a reminder.

Nocturnal activity
type: Class
subclass of: Activity
comment: The patient/user activities that occur during the night.

Duty cycle
type: Property
comment: The duty cycle of an embedded processor of a device, typically in percent.

Male
is value of state: has gender
type: StateValue
comment: male gender

last name
comment: The familly name of a health actor.
domain: Health actor
range: string
type: DatatypeProperty

Solar Powered
comment: Kind of feature of interest powered by the sun.
type: FeatureKind

Non-binary
is value of state: has gender
type: StateValue
comment: non-binary gender

has IPv4 address
comment: The IPv4 address of a host.
domain: Communication Interface
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: hasIdentifier

Alarm Get
type: Command
comment: Command used for getting the alarm status.

Alcohol drinking
is value of state: Habit
comment: Alcohol drinking habit (User level).
type: StateValue

Reminder
comment: Function for sending reminder notifications.
type: Function
has mandatory command: Reminder Send

remaining battery level
type: Property
comment: The level of remaining battery (if any : in percent) for a device. It is a dynamic attribute.

is attached to
domain: Health Device
comment: A health Device is attached to a health actor such as a patient, a user and or a caregiver.
range: Health actor
type: ObjectProperty

serial number
domain: Health Device
comment: The serial number of a health device.
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

activity duration
domain: Activity
comment: The duration of an activity, in second.
range: float
type: DatatypeProperty

Adhoc BAN Topology
comment: Adhoc BAN topology type.
type: StateValue
is value of state: BAN topology

Periodic Communication Function
type: Function
comment: Function to communicate periodically to report observations and receive actuations.
broader: Communication Function

Dimensions
consists of: Height
consists of: Width
consists of: Length
type: Property
comment: The dimensions of a feature of interest, consisting of a length, a width, and a height.

has mbox
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Health actor
comment: An email address (or mail box) of an health actor: a URI with the 'mailto' scheme as defined by RFC 6068.
range: anyURI

Healthcare
type: BAN application tasks
comment: Healthcare domain for BAN application.
type: NamedIndividual

Health actor
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Location
  on property: hasState
comment: The eHealth actors like e.g. caregivers, patients, users, helpers...
subclass of: Agent
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasState
  has value: has gender

BAN hub
subclass of: Health Device
type: Class
comment: Hub of the BAN, mainly playing the role of both a data concentrator and a network gateway.

Asthma
is value of state: Chronic disease
comment: Asthma, a chronical disease that some users can have.
type: StateValue

Velocity
type: Property
comment: The velocity of a moving entity. Typically expressed in m/s.

Old
type: StateValue
comment: Old, one user age category.
is value of state: Age category

Undetermined
is value of state: has gender
comment: undetermined gender
type: StateValue

Location
comment: The location. For example a position against the body (on - body surface – or in the body – implant –) or a physical location (a postal address, a geolocation).
type: State

Ocular impairment
type: StateValue
comment: Ocular impairment (User level), i.e. impamnents of visual acuity.
is value of state: Impairment
comment: Ocular impairment (User level).

has contact
domain: BAN
range: Health actor
comment: A BAN has one or multiple contacts (e.g. the patient or user that is monitored through this BAN, the caregiver that is using this BAN for monitoring purposes).
type: ObjectProperty

transmission rate
type: Property
comment: The transmission rate of the interface, i.e. the number of bits transmitted per second (usually expressed in kbps or Mbps).

has patient
domain: Caregiver
comment: A caregiver may have one or multiple patients.
range: Patient
type: ObjectProperty

Maximum flash
type: Property
comment: The maximum flash memory space (in bytes) of a device.

Health Device
comment: Health devices, e.g. BAN hub, health sensor/actuator/Wereable.
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasState
  has value: Location
type: Class
subclass of: Device

Prevention
type: NamedIndividual
type: BAN application tasks
comment: Prevention task (e.g. preventive health) for BAN application.

Height
type: Property
comment: The height dimension of a feature of interest.

Caregiver
type: Class
subclass of: Health actor
comment: The class of caregivers.

available flash
comment: The available flash memory (in byte) of a device. It is a dynamic attribute.
type: Property

Pervasive computing
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Pervasive computing task for BAN application.
type: BAN application tasks

Health actuator
comment: Health-related Actuator, sub-class of SAREF Actuator.
subclass of: Health Device
type: Class
subclass of: Actuator

first name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Health actor
comment: The first name of a health actor.
range: string

Posture
type: State
comment: The posture of a health actor (mainly a patient or a user), e.g. exercising, lying, running, sitting, walking...

Assisted living
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Assisted living task for BAN application.
type: BAN application tasks

Alarm Reset
comment: Command used for resetting an alarm.
type: Command

Health sensor
subclass of: Sensor
subclass of: Health Device
type: Class
comment: Health-related Sensor, sub-class of SAREF Sensor.

Smoking
type: StateValue
comment: Smoking habit (User level).
is value of state: Habit

Length
comment: The length dimension of a feature of interest.
type: Property

Communication protocol
subclass of: FeatureKind
comment: A communication protocol, e.g. BLE, serial, Ethernet...
type: Class
subclass of: Connection

MainsPowered
type: FeatureKind
comment: Kind of feature of interest powered by the mains.

Safety
type: BAN application tasks
comment: Safety task for BAN application.
type: NamedIndividual

Age category
comment: The age group of a health actor, e.g. old or young.
type: State

Mesh BAN Topology
type: StateValue
is value of state: BAN topology
comment: Mesh BAN topology type.

Frequency
comment: The number of instructions an embedded processor - within a device - can perform per second (MIPS).
type: Property

has gender
comment: The gender of a health actor.
type: State

Patient
type: Class
comment: A user of the type patient, i.e. a cared-for person by one or multiple caregivers.
subclass of: User

Star BAN Topology
comment: Star BAN topology type.
type: StateValue
is value of state: BAN topology

Sport Training
type: NamedIndividual
type: BAN application tasks
comment: Sport training task for BAN application.

Maximum ram
type: Property
comment: The maximum volatile memory space (in bytes) of a device.

Impairment
type: State
comment: Defined for users (that can in particular be patients) impairments modelling, e.g. aural impairment, skeletal impairment, ocular impairment, mobility impairment, intellectual impairment. Those non exhaustive impairments are compatible with the World Health Organization classification.

Bluetooth Low Energy
comment: Bluetooth Low Energy, a communication protocol.
type: Communication protocol

Helper
type: Class
comment: Helper of patients/users, e.g. a patient's relative.
subclass of: Health actor

Number Of Power Source
comment: Number of power source of a feature of interest.
type: Property

port number
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The port number used to offer the service.
domain: Communication Interface
sub property of: hasIdentifier

Mobility impairment
type: StateValue
is value of state: Impairment
comment: Mobility impairment (User level).

Sitting
is value of state: Posture
type: StateValue
comment: Posture of a sitting user.

has activity
range: Activity
domain: Health actor
comment: A health actor may have one or multiple activities.
type: ObjectProperty

Walking
is value of state: Posture
comment: Posture of a walking user.
type: StateValue

Observation Collection Execution
comment: Execution consisting in collecting observations made by Device (e.g. Sensor, Wearable, ECG Device...). Use saref:madeBy to link to the person or the Device that made it. Use saref:observes to link to the patient. Use saref:hasResult to link to the result, an ObservationCollection
subclass of: ProcedureExecution
type: Class

BAN topology
comment: The BAN topology type, i.e Adhoc or Star or Mesh or Others.
type: State

Ultra Wide Band
type: Communication protocol
comment: Ultra Wide Band, a communication protocol.

Chronic disease
type: State
comment: For chronic disease modelling, e.g. diabetes, asthma...