SAREF extension for automotive

The absolute poistion of an automotive object in terms of lat, long and lat

A type of speed

A Property of interest for the automotive domain

A type of confidence for acceleration measurements that represents the absolute accuracy of a reported vehicle acceleration value with a predefined confidence level (e.g. 95 %)

A class to define common information related to an address. It is out of scope of SAREF4AUTO to define the details of such an address. It is instead recommended to reuse existing ontologies that specify how to model an address in terms of Street, Postal Code, City, Region, Country, etc.

A type of heading

A type of state for Platoon

A type of state for Parking Vehicle

A type of state for Parking Vehicle

The level of automation a platoon of vehicles or a singular vehicle

The main objects of interest in the automotive domain.

A Property of interest for the automotive domain

A type of public transport

A type of vehicle. Example of a car is a passenger car

unit of measure of size

A type of state for Parking Spot or for Parking Vehicle

A type of state for Parking Spot

Every measurement in the automotive domain is an estimated measurement coming from the aggregation of several measurements from different sensor or devices taken at the same time or at consecutive times very close to each other. Therefore, a confidence is always associated to each mesurement to indicate that it has not 100% accuracy.

A critical object located on the road. Critical objects are small object, medium object, large object

A type of state for Platoon or for a Vehicle in a Platoon

A type of state for Parking Vehicle

A type of state for Parking Vehicle

A type pf parking spot

An electronic control unit (ECU) is any embedded system in automotive electronics that monitors and controls one or more of the electrical systems or subsystems in a vehicle. The ECU provides measurements about relevant properties of the vehicle, such as speed, acceleration, position, etc.

The final destination of a vehicle or a platoon, or the final point of a route

A type of state for a Vehicle in a Platoon

A type of state for a Vehicle in a Platoon

A type of state for Parking Spot

A Property of interest for the automotive domain

A type of truck

A Property of interest for the automotive domain

unit of measure of height

A class used to identify 1) a vehicle (station) during data exchange with other devices/stations 2) a platoon during data exchange with other devices/stations, 3) a parking spot within a parking area during data exchange with other devices/stations. In all cases, this identifier may be a pseudonym. It may change over space and/or over time.

A type of Critical Object

A type of acceleration

A Property of interest for the automotive domain
In a platoon, a property to express that a platoon has a size. This size is defined as 1) the total number of vehicles currently in the platoon (see s4auto:Size class); or 2) Length of the platoon (sum of all vehicles' length + inter-vehicle distance)

unit of measure of lenght

A type of truck

A type of acceleration

A type of Critical Object

A Property of interest for the automotive domain. Relevant types of movement are: Static (position only), moving in same direction (speed, acceleration), moving in reverse direction (speed acceleration), crossing (speed, acceleration, direction)

The relevant types of events are trafficCondition, accident, roadworks, impassability, adverseWeatherCondition-Adhesion, aquaplannning, hazardousLocation-SurfaceCondition, hazardousLocation-ObstacleOnTheRoad, hazardousLocation-AnimalOnTheRoad, humanPresenceOnTheRoad, wrongWayDriving, rescueAndRecoveryWorkInProgress, adverseWeatherCondition-ExtremeWeatherCondition, adverseWeatherCondition-Visibility, adverseWeatherCondition-Precipitation, slowVehicle, dangerousEndOfQueue, vehicleBreakdown, postCrash, humanProblem, stationaryVehicle, emergencyVehicleApproaching, hazardousLocation-DangerousCurve, collisionRisk, signalViolation, dangerousSituation

A type of state for Parking Spot

VRU Profile 1 users, for example: adult, child, elderly person, pram, animal, blind person guided by a dog, rider off its bike

VRU Profile 2 users, for example: user of bicycle, wheelchair, skater, scooter, Segway, or a mounted horse rider

VRU Profile 3 users are Motorcyclists, which are equipped with engines that allow them to move on the road. It includes users (driver and passengers, e.g. children and animals) of Powered Two Wheelers (PTW) such as mopeds (motorized scooters), motorcycles or side-cars.

VRU Profile 4 animals presenting a safety risk to other road users, for example : dogs, wild animals, horses, cows, sheep, kangaroos, etc.

A type of state for Parking Vehicle

A type of state for Parking Vehicle

A location that is designated for parking. A parking spot has a geometry defining the parking area boundaries and its centre point

the position of aparking spot (its centre point) in terms of lat, long and alt

A parking spot has a state. Possible values for parking spot state are Free, occupied, reserved, closed, charging

A vehicle can be found at different states (or parking phases) during parking . Possible values for parking state (or parking phase) of a vehicle are: At drop-off spot, at pick-up spot, driving to parking spot, driving to pick up spot, parking, parked, charging.

A type of car

A state of the vehicle related to its environment

A personal device is a nomadic device used by a pedestrian or the rider of a two-wheeler. A personal device in modelled as a different type of automotive object, as it normally does not have access to the vehicle CAN bus.

A group of vehicles automatically following each other at a relatively close distance

A level of automation is defined for a vehicle that it is platooning. For example, in the ENSEMBLE project there are three levels of platoon automation defined: Level A, Level B, Level C. Level C represents the highest level of automation for platooning in terms of longitudinal and lateral control, shortest time gap supported, wider range of situations handled and support for merging of entire platoons.

A vehicle member of a platoon has a platoon position that is defined as the index of the vehicle in the platoon starting from zero (leader) up to N (trailing vehicle).

In platoon a vehicle can assume roles such as: unknown, leader, follower, ready-for-leading, trailing, etc.

The state of a platoon. Examples of states for a platoon are: unknown, standalone, assembling, platooning, disengaging, etc.

Examples of states for a vehicle in a platoon are: unknown, standalone, engaging, platooning, disengaging, searching, forming.

A type of state for Platoon or for a Vehicle in a Platoon

A geo point in SAREF4AUTO

The position of an entity in the automotive domain

A type of confidence that represents horizontal position accuracy in a shape of ellipse with a predefined confidence level (e.g. 95 %). The centre of the ellipse shape corresponds to the reference position point for which the position accuracy is evaluated.

A type of vehicle. Example of public transport is a bus or a tram
A type of vehicle role

A type pf parking spot

It represents the relative position of a vehicle (e.g., a car is x,y,z in front of another car)

A type of speed

It is the estimated location where the vehicle member joins the platoon. It is expressed in global coordinates (lat, long, alt), e.g. according to WGS 84.

A type of state for Parking Spot

An entity present on the road in the neighbouring area of a vehicle

Road side sensors measure properties (such as speed, position, dimension, direction, etc.) of road objects. Types of relevant road objects are Pedestrian, vehicles, obstacles, traffic signs, etc.

Devices deployed along the road that produce signals based on road side sensor data measurements. Types of road side actuators that are relevant are devices such as traffic light controllers changing from red to green based on detected vehicles.

A road side equipment can be either a simple data relay between vehicles and infrastructure or between the vehicles themselves, or it can run applications. It is usually high mounted in existing equipment, such as a street light, city traffic light, VMS or highway sign, or has its own pole.

Sensors such as cameras, radars that are deployed along the road (e.g. at intersections and at poles along a highway). Road side sensors perform measurements, such as speed, position (relative or absolute), dimension, direction, etc. of road objects.

Position with respect to road topology (e.g. road, segment or lane) and lane characteristics (highway lane, road lane, bicycle lane, pavement, off-road).

The role that can be assumed by a vehicle or a platoon

The route of a vehicle or of a platoon. The route of a platoon is defined as the route of the current vehicle leader in the platoon that other follower vehicles (partially) share

The intermediate points of a route

A type of state for a Vehicle in a Platoon

A Property of interest for the automotive domain. It defines the overall shape of an entity: i.e., Sphere, Torus, Cylinder, Cone, Ellipsoid, Cube, Cuboid, Pyramid, Prism, Multiple shapes

A Property of interest for the automotive domain. A platoon has a size. Tis size is defined as 1) the total number of vehicles currently in the platoon; or 2) Length of the platoon (sum of all vehicles' length + inter-vehicle distance)

A type of Critical Object

A type pf parking spot. Parking spot reserved for special permits (authorities, disabled, blue Zone, resident ...)

A Property of interest for the automotive domain

A type of confidence for speed measurements that represents absolute accuracy of a speed value in cm/s

unit of measure of speed

A type of state for Platoon or for a Vehicle in a Platoon

The origin of a route

A class dedicated to describe the relevant states in the automotive domain

A type of identifier for vehicles and platoons, as defined in ETSI TS 102 894-2.

A device that automatically operates coloured lights, typically red, amber, and green, for controlling traffic at road junctions, pedestrian crossings, and roundabouts.

A traffic centre provides services to road users: exploiting data for road traffic management, providing information about mobility zones, operational management of the road infrastructure, etc.

A type of public transport

A type of vehicle. Example of trucks are heavy trucks or light trucks.

A type of vehicle. This class involves all sorts of two wheelers, from motorcycles to bicycles and (e-)scooters.

A universally unique identifier (UUID) is a 128-bit number used to identify items and is also known as: globally unique identifier (GUID). In its canonical textual representation, the sixteen octets of a UUID are represented as 32 hexadecimal (base 16) digits, displayed in five groups separated by hyphens, in the form 8-4-4-4-12 for a total of 36 characters (32 alphanumeric characters and four hyphens). UUID are documented in ISO/IEC 11578:1996 "Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection – Remote Procedure Call (RPC)" and in ITU-T Rec. X.667 ISO/IEC 9834-8:2005.

A type of state for Platoon or for a Vehicle in a Platoon
A type of platoon role

A vehicle is the main object of interest in the automotive domain. Example of types of vehicles are car, truck, public transport and two-wheeler. See ETSI TS 102 894-2 spec for full list of vehicles, which are type of "stations". See also the SENSORIS data model for possible type of vehicles. The main IoT device considered in the vehicle is the ECU (part of the vehicle on board equipment, or OBE), see s4auto:ElectronicControlUnit class.

According to SAE J3016, there are five levels of automation for a vehicle:
- Level 0: No Driving Automation.
- Level 1: Driver assistance.
- Level 2: Partial driving automation.
- Level 3: Conditional driving automation.
- Level 4: High driving automation.
- Level 5: Full Driving automation.

The vehicle environment is made of entities which are present on the road in the area around the vehicle

The role the vehicle plays in traffic. If not specified, it is assumed that it takes a default value. Otherwise, possible values to be specified are: publicTransport, specialTransport, dangerousGoods, roadWork, rescue, emergency, safetyCar, agriculture, commercial, military, roadOperator, taxi.

Non-motorized road users as well as users of VRU vehicles (L class of vehicles, for example mopeds or motorcycles, etc.) participating to the road traffic

A Property of interest for the automotive domain

A Property of interest for the automotive domain

unit of measure of width

A type of heading

A relation to describe the entities that can compose the vehicle environment

A relation to describe the type of equipment that can compose the vehicle environment

A relation to describe the events that can compose the vehicle environment

A relation to describe the objects that can compose the vehicle environment

A relation to describe the users that can compose the vehicle environment

A relation to decribe the vehicles that can compose the vehicle environment

A relationship specifying the position (absolute or relative position) that can be detected by a certain device

A relation between an entity, e.g., a vehicle or road entity, and AbsolutePosition to represent its absolute position

A relation to define the level of automation of a singular vehicle. According to SAE J3016, there are five levels of automation:
- Level 0: No Driving Automation.
- Level 1: Driver assistance.
- Level 2: Partial driving automation.
- Level 3: Conditional driving automation.
- Level 4: High driving automation.
- Level 5: Full Driving automation.
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A relation to express that the vehicle has the capacity to reduce its speed (by action on the brake pedal or an autonomous actuator)

A relation between an estimated measurement (saref:Measurement class) and its confidence (s4auto:Confidence)

A relation that allows to specify the unit of measure associated with a certain confidence

A relation that defines the destination of an automotive object. For example, in a platoon, the current platoon leader defines the platoon destination. Following vehicles will share (partially) the route of the leader and can, therefore, have different final destinations.

A relation to express the destination of a vehicle in terms of an Address

A relation to express the destination of a vehicle, a platoon or a route in terms of an end point with latitude and longitude

A relation that allows to describe the environment of a vehicle

A relation to express that, during the forming state, a vehicle member of a platoon is given an estimated rendezvous location for joining the platoon. It is expressed in global coordinates (lat, long, alt), e.g. according to WGS 84.

A relation to express the height of an entity, e.g., a vehicle or an entity in the vehicle environment

A relation between an entity and its identifier (s4auto:Identifier) which is used to identify 1) a vehicle (station) during data exchange with other devices/stations 2) a platoon during data exchange with other devices/stations, 3) a parking spot within a parking area during data exchange with other devices/stations. In all cases, this identifier may be a pseudonym. It may change over space and/or over time.

A relation to express the length of an entity, e.g., a vehicle or an entity in the vehicle environment or a platoon (Length of the platoon is the sum of all vehicles' length + inter-vehicle distance)

A general relationship to express that an entity can have members

A relation to express the movement of an entity in the vehicle environment.

A relation to express the opening time of parking spot

A relation to express the origin of an entity (e.g., a vehicle or a route) in terms of a StartPoint

A relation to express the state of a parking spot

A relation to express the state of a vehicle that is parking

A relation to express the state of a vehicle related to its environment

A relation to express that a platoon can have vehicles as its members

A relatiA relation to express that a vehicle member of a platoon has a platoon position that is defined as the index of the vehicle in the platoon starting from zero (leader) up to N (trailing vehicle)

A relation to specify that in a platoon a vehicle can assume roles such as: unknown, leader, follower, ready-for-leading, trailing, etc.

A relation to express the state of a platoon

A relation to express the state of a vehicle in a platoon

A relation to define the position of an entity

A relation between an entity, e.g., a vehicle or road entity, and RelativePosition to represent its relative position (e.g., a car is x,y,z in front of another car)

A relation between Vehicle and RoadTopologyPosition to represent the road topology position of a vehicle

A general relation to express that an entity can have a role

A relation to express the route of an entity, e.g., a vehicle or a platoon

A relation to express the shape of an entity in the vehicle environment.

A relation to express that a platoon has a size. This size is defined as 1) the total number of vehicles currently in the platoon; or 2) Length of the platoon (sum of all vehicles' length + inter-vehicle distance) via s4auto:hasLength property

An hasState relation to connect to a certain state. The saref:hasState property could not be reused because it has domain saref:Device, but a s4auto:Platoon or s4auto:Vehicle are not devices. Therefore, a new s4auto:hasState property with subroperties has been created.

A relation to express that a vehicle can have members in its environment

A relation between Vehicle and VehicleRole classes, to express the role the vehicle plays in traffic. If not specified, it is assumed that it takes a default value. Otherwise, possible values to be specified are: publicTransport, specialTransport, dangerousGoods, roadWork, rescue, emergency, safetyCar, agriculture, commercial, military, roadOperator, taxi (see ETSI TR 103 508).

A relation to express the width of an entity, e.g., a vehicle or an entity in the vehicle environment

A relation to express the intermediate destination of a route (e.g., of a vehicle or a platoon) in terms of RoutePoint

A relation between the confidence (s4auto:Confidence class) of an estimated measurement and this measurement (saref:Measurement class)

A general relationship to express that an entity is a member of another entity

A relation to express that a vehicle can be member of a platoon

A relation to express that an entity, e.g., a vehicle, can be member of another vehicle's environment

A relation to express that a device can use different types of measurements, such as speed, position of detected road objects (e.g., bicycles, vehicles). This applies in particular to the ElectronicControlUnit and TrafficLightController classes.

A relation between the confidence (s4auto:Confidence) and its value, which can be a discrete value (+/- 5 cm/s) or a level (e.g. 95 %)

A relation to define the X coordinate of a relative position

A relation to define the Y coordinate of a relative position

A relation to define the Z coordinate of a relative position

A relation to define that a parking spot can have a description name

A relation to express that, during the forming state, a vehicle member of a platoon is given an estimated time for joining

A relationship to define the value of an indentifier

A relation to express the max size of a platoon. Note that it is defined as a datatype property as this is a fixed/static value of the platoon that does not change over time. In contrast, the current size of the platoon is actually a measurement that may change over time and it is therefore defined as an object property (see s4auto:hasSize).

A relation to express the index of the vehicle in the platoon starting from zero (leader) up to N (trailing vehicle)

A type of vehicle role

A type of vehicle role

A type of movement

A type of movement

A type of vehicle role

A type of vehicle role

A type of platoon role

A type of platoon role

A type of vehicle role

A type of vehicle. Example of public transport is a bus or a tram
A type of vehicle role

A type of platoon role

A type of vehicle role

A type of movement

A type of vehicle role

A type of vehicle role

A type of vehicle role

A type of movement

A type of vehicle role

A type of movement

A type of vehicle role

A type of platoon role

A type of state for Platoon or for a Vehicle in a Platoon
A type of platoon role